The Das Mahavidyas are Wisdom Goddesses. Das means ten, maha means great, and vidya means wisdom. The Das Mahavidyas are considered forms of Divine Mother Kali, who is the first of the then Mahavidyas. Each Wisdom Goddess has her own name, story, quality, and mantras.
Each form of the Divine Mother Kali is a Mahavidya. The Das Mahavidyas are:
Kālī (Sanskrit: काली)
Bagalāmukhī (Sanskrit: बगलामुखी)
Chinnamastā (Sanskrit: छिन्नमस्ता)
Bhuvaneśvarī (Sanskrit: भुवनेश्वरी)
Mātaṃgī (Sanskrit: मातंगी)
Ṣodaśī (Sanskrit: षोडशी)
Dhūmāvatī (Sanskrit: धूमावती)
Tripurasundarī (Sanskrit: रिपुरसुन्दरी)
Tārā (Sanskrit: तारा)
Bhairavī (Sanskrit: भैरवी)
kali-First of all Sati took the form of Kali. Her form was fearful, her hair untied and loose, her body the color of a dark cloud. She had deep set eyes and eyebrows shaped like curved swords.
bagala-Bagala is the second Mahavidya. Listen to her story. Once the creation was in turmoil and being destroyed in many places (Shree Maa adds, “like the present scenario in the world”). Brahma became worried about His creation and wondered what the outcome of this turmoil would be.
Cinnamasta -The third Mahavidya is Cinnamasta. Listen to the story of Her origin from the Pancharatna Grantha. Once Parvati went with Her friends Dakini and Varnini to take a bath in the Mandakini River. Parvati was feeling very happy and a lot of love was welling up inside Her.
Bhuvanesvari - is the fourth Mahavidya. Bhuvan means the Universe, and Iswari means the Ruler, and therefore She is the Ruler of the Universe.
The fifth Mahavidya is Matangi.Matangi is the measurement of all the limbs of creation and Supreme Goddess of all desires. Shree Maa says that anyone prays to Matangi will attain perfection.
The sixth Mahavidya is Sorasi.Sorasi unites the sixteen syllables of Siva and Sakti, the Supreme Goddess of all Desires.
The seventh Mahavidya is Dhumavati. Dhumavati demonstrates renunciation and removes all frustration and agitation, and is free from disrepute.
The eighth Mahavidya is Tripurasundari, also known as Kamala. A form of Mahalakshmi, She symbolizes wealth.
When Lord Shiva bade Sati not to attend Her Father’s yajna, Sati became furious and assumed the fearful form of Kali causing Shiva to flee in another direction. Sati then assumed the form of the ninth Mahavidya, Tara.
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